Monday, July 11, 2011

The Florida Death Penalty

The death penalty, or capital punishment, is the killing of a person as punishment for society's most serious crimes. The word 'capital' comes from the Latin 'capitalis' which means 'regarding the head.' Therefore, a capital crime was originally punished by severing the head.

Capital punishment is legal in Florida. Florida was the first state to reintroduce the death penalty after the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Furman vs.State of Georgia in 1976. Since then, 69 people have been executed at the Florida State Prison in Starke. Before 1972, murder was not the only capital crime in Florida. People were also executed for rape and, in earlier years, for helping runaway slaves. Now, capital felonies in Florida are restricted to murder.

Types of Capital Murder Felonies in Florida
1) Capital Murder - the unlawful killing of a person that is premeditated. This means you kill someone after consciously deciding to do it. A conscious decision must be in your mind at the time of the killing.

2) Capital Murder - when a murder was committed and you were involved in robbery, burglary, kidnapping, drug trafficking, carjacking, arson, sexual battery, home invasion or airline hijacking.

Death Row
Florida used to execute criminals by public hangings in the counties where the crimes were committed. In 1923, the Florida Legislature passed a law replacing hanging with the electric chair and all executions moved into prisons. Lethal injection became the standard method of execution in 2000. Today, a black-hooded executioner performs the task. He is paid $150 per execution. The black hood gives him anonymity.

Life is grim for the 385 people who are waiting to die at Starke. They are counted once an hour. They are escorted everywhere in handcuffs. They are allowed one shower every other day. They do not have cable television or air-conditioning and they are not allowed to be with each other in a common room. When a death warrant is signed, the inmate is put under Death Watch and is allowed one legal and social phone call. Prior to execution, the inmate may request a last meal that can cost no more than $40. Some people have been waiting to be executed for almost 30 years. For these people, waiting to die is worse than being dead.

Friday, July 8, 2011

Boeing 747 - The Mightiest Plane in the Sky

There is nothing like it and there will never be anything like it again. The Boeing 747 - the world's first wide body commercial airliner. It is the most recognizable aircraft in the world and perhaps the most commercially successful aircraft in aviation history. The 747 is manufactured by Boeing's Commercial Airplane unit in the United States. The original version of the 747 was two and a half times the size of the Boeing 707, one of the most popular large planes of the 1960's. The 747 first flew commercially in 1970 and it held the passenger capacity record for 37 years.

The four-engine 747 uses a double deck configuration for part of its length. It is available in passenger, freighter and other versions. Boeing designed the 747's hump-like upper deck to serve as a first class lounge or for extra seating and to allow the aircraft to be easily converted to a cargo carrier by removing seats and installing a front cargo door. The 747 exceeded expectations with production passing the 1,000 mark in 1993. As of June 2009, 1,416 747's have been built, with 107 more in various configurations remaining on order.

History
The 747 was conceived while air travel was increasing in the 1960's, led by the enormous popularity of the Boeing 707 and the Douglas DC-8. Boeing was urged by Juan Trippe, president of Pan American Airlines, to build a passenger aircraft more than twice the size of the 707.

In 1965, Joe Sutter began working on the design. Sutter was the chief engineer of the Boeing 747 and is often referred to as the "father of the 747." At the time, it was thought that the 747 would eventually be superseded by supersonic transport aircraft. Boeing responded by designing the 747 so it could be adapted easily to carry freight and remain in service even if sales of the passenger version declined.

On January 15, 1970, the first 747, Pan Am's Clipper Victor, was christened in Washington D.C. It entered service on January 22, 1970 on a route from New York to London. The 747 enjoyed a smooth introduction into service and the rest is history.

Boeing 747 Facts

Flight
The 747 fleet has logged more than 42 billion nautical miles (77.8 billion kilometers), equivalent to 101,500 trips from the Earth to the moon and back.

The 747 fleet has flown 3.5 billion people - the equivalent of more than half of the world's population.

Parts
A 747-400 has six million parts, half of which are fasteners.
A 747-400 has 171 miles (274 km) of wiring and 5 miles (8 km) of tubing.
A 747-400 consists of 147,000 pounds (66,150 kg) of high-strength aluminum.
The 747-400 has 16 main landing gear tires and two nose landing gear tires.
The 747-400 tail height is 63 feet 8 inches (19.4 m), equivalent to a six-story building.

Wings
The 747-400 wing weighs 95,000 pounds (43,090 kg), more than 30 times the weight of the first Boeing airplane, the 1916 B&W.

The 747-400 wing measures 5,600 square feet (524.9 m 2 ), an area large enough to hold 45 medium-sized automobiles.

Thursday, July 7, 2011

Animal Cruelty – A Growing Problem In Florida

Animal cruelty covers a wide range of crimes against many different kinds of animals. Basically, there are two categories of animal cruelty - passive (neglect) or active (intentional) - and there are many examples: starvation, dehydration, confinement, inadequate shelter, hoarding, puppy mills, illegal slaughterhouses, untreated wounds and dog fighting and baiting. All kinds of animals can be harmed - dogs, cats, horses, cattle, pigs, goats - even parakeets.

Why is it a growing problem in Florida? There are several reasons. The bad economy has made it difficult for people to care for their pets so they neglect or abandon them. People have always profited from dog fighting and puppy mills - and it has become more common in tough economic times. There is also a "macho" glamorization with dog fighting - especially with pit bulls. This may be associated with the increase of gangs in the state. There is no logical reason for the most serious charge - intentional animal cruelty which may include mutilation, torture or hanging. People in this category usually undergo psychological evaluation.

The MacDonald Triad
Cruelty to animals is one of three main components of the MacDonald Triad. This formula was developed in order to find personality traits in an individual that can lead to more violent crimes against society. The Macdonald Triad (also known as the "Triad of Sociopathy") is a set of behavioral traits that are associated with sociopathic behavior. It links animal cruelty, obsession with fire setting, and persistent bedwetting after the age of five to future violent behaviors. Last month, police were summoned to a house in Orlando and found several emaciated and injured dogs and one dead dog that had been cut open. Two suspects were charged - they were 10 and 12 year old boys.

Florida Animal Cruelty Laws
Animals are given the same humane treatment and protection from exploitation and abuse that humans are. The animal cruelty laws in Florida vary from civil infractions to felonies. Maximum jail time for animal cruelty in Florida is 5 years and fines can be as high as $10,000.

If there are any doubts about the seriousness of animal cruelty charges – look back at Michael Vick, the NFL football star. In 2007, he pleaded guilty to felony charges of running a dog fighting ring for 6 years. The case drew widespread publicity due to his fame and the gruesome details about the operation, including how underperforming dogs were executed by hanging and electrocution. Michael Vick ended up serving 21 months in prison.

Animal Cruelty Defense
Have you been accused of neglect or cruelty towards an animal in Florida? You need to speak with a knowledgeable criminal defense lawyer who will advise you on the statutes and law pertaining to your charges.

5 Ways to Prevent a Facebook Marriage Break-Up

Ever since the internet became a regular part of the human experience, it has been implicated for breaking up marriages. Now Facebook is being met with these kind of charges. It is the most popular gathering place in the world today, but it doesn’t have to be a threat to your marriage.

Marriages are vulnerable to all kinds of real-life and online threats. This is partly because couples fail to set up proper boundaries of protection and accountability. If you follow the guidelines on the list below and keep an open line of communication and honesty with your spouse, you can enjoy Facebook and your marriage as well.

First, here are some warning signs:

Too Much Time - If you prefer staying up at night with Facebook instead of going to bed with your spouse, it is going to be a problem.

Flirting - You may think flirting is innocent, but your spouse may not. Consider your partner’s feelings and there will be no room for jealousy.

Airing Grievances - Many people complain about their spouse on their status updates. Your spouse might see this and so may your mutual friends.

Affairs - It is very easy to have an affair on Facebook. You can reconnect with old flames and make new friends. If you discuss your problems on Facebook instead of with your spouse, it is going to be a problem.

Here are five ways to prevent a Facebook marriage break-up. These were written in an excellent article entitled “Is Facebook a Cyber Threat to Your Marriage?” by K. Jason and Kelli Krafsky.

1) Set Safeguards With Your Partner
What Facebook friends and groups are off limits? How much information about yourself and family is too much information? Are either of you uncomfortable with potential Facebook friends? A little bit of prevention can go a long way in safeguarding your relationship.

2) Don’t Post Negative Things About Your Spouse
It is common for people to talk about the weather, joke about work or report something new in their life. But it is always uncomfortable when someone complains about their spouse or kids. While it may not seem like a big deal to the one posting, the majority of the readers don’t have enough information to know if something is a simple tease or an exasperated gripe.

3) Choose Your Friends Wisely
Finding friends and accepting friend requests can be very exciting because you’re reconnecting with people from your past. One question to ask when requesting or accepting a new friend is - “Will my spouse be comfortable with this person?” Listen to your heart and if you’re still not sure, ask your spouse.

4) Play It Smart
A common pattern arises when you read stories about internet affairs. A spouse starts chatting with someone of the opposite sex about their relationship woes. Over time, the live chats turn to emails that turn to phone calls that turn to face-to-face meetings that turn to…you get the picture.

Learn from other people’s mistakes. Avoid discussing your relationship difficulties with people of the opposite sex and be careful of developing too close of a confidant online.

5) If In Doubt, Unfriend Them
You may have regrets becoming a friend with someone on Facebook. Their posts might be offensive or uncomfortable to you. Maybe the friend sparks feelings in you. You may be chatting with them or flirting with them. Or your spouse may be uncomfortable with you being friends with a past love interest. The best thing to do is unfriend them. Any relationship with someone else that may jeopardize your marriage is not worth keeping.

We hope this helps you and your spouse enjoy all the advantages of Facebook and none of the disadvantages

Juan Trippe – The Father of Commercial Aviation

Juan Trippe was an American airline entrepreneur, a pioneer and the co-founder of Pan American Airways, one of the most famous airlines of the twentieth century. If you are a flight training student or simply a flying enthusiast, it is good to know about this amazing man.

Juan Trippe was one of the last of a colorful group of innovators, pioneers, and visionaries - including William A. Patterson, Howard Hughes, Jack Frye, Robert F. Six, C.R. Smith, and Eddie Rickenbacker. These were the men who built the airline industry into what it is today.

Early Years
Juan Trippe was born in New Jersey in 1899. Although some believe he was Cuban, he was actually Northern European in ancestry and his family settled in Maryland in 1664. He got his Cuban name after his mother's Cuban stepfather.

Trippe graduated from Yale University in 1921. After Yale, he worked on Wall Street, but he soon became bored. He started working at New York Airways, an air-taxi service for affluent New Yorkers, and this is where he fell in love with flying. Then Trippe invested in an airline named Colonial Air Transport. He was interested in starting service to the Caribbean so he founded the Aviation Company of the Americas. Based in Florida, the company would soon become Pan American Airways.

His Years at Pan Am
Trippe and his associates extended Pan Am's network through all of Central and South America in the 1930’s. Pan Am purchased a number of ailing or defunct airlines and negotiated with postal officials to win most of the government's airmail contracts to the region. Pan Am was growing fast.

Trippe bought the China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC) to provide domestic air service in the Republic of China. Pan Am became the first airline to cross the Pacific Ocean with the famous Clipper flying boats.

Pan Am continued to expand worldwide throughout World War II and was one of the few airlines that was largely unaffected by the war. It soon became the biggest international airline in the world. Trippe served as the Chairman of the Board for all but about two years between the founding of the company and the Second World War.

Trippe is responsible for many innovations in the airline world. He was a firm believer in the idea of air travel for all, and he is credited for starting tourist or economy class. He recognized the opportunities of jet aircraft and ordered several Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8 airplanes. Pan Am's first jet flight was in October, 1958 - it was a 707 out of Idlewild International Airport (now JFK) to Paris. The new jets allowed Pan Am to introduce lower fares and fly more passengers.

In 1965, Trippe asked his friend Bill Allen at Boeing to build an airplane much larger than the 707. The result was the Boeing 747, and Pan Am was the first customer. At first, Trippe believed the 747 would only being hauling cargo and would be replaced by faster, supersonic aircraft that were being developed then. The supersonic airliners failed to materialize with the exception of the Concorde and the Tupolev Tu-144 and soon the 747 became the undisputed symbol of international travel. So not only was he was the father of commercial aviation, he could be considered the father of the Boeing 747, too.

Trippe gave up presidency of the airline in 1968. He continued to attend meetings of the Board of Directors and maintained an office in the company's Park Avenue office building. He died in 1981 in New York City. Trippe received the Tony Jannus Award for his distinguished contributions to commercial aviation in 1965. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Freedom by President Ronald Reagan in 1985.

Juan Trippe was portrayed by Alec Baldwin in Martin Scorsese's 2004 film, The Aviator.

E-Cheating - How to Tell When Your Spouse is Having Online Affair

Everyone is online these days but not everyone is online for the right reasons. There is a new homewrecker today - it's called "e-cheating." Although e-cheating started with students buying their homework on the Internet (there is even an e-cheat website,) it has now become the word-of-the-day when someone in a relationship is cheating on the Internet. It has grown bigger with social media networks like Facebook and it is causing the breakup of many marriages. How can you tell if your spouse is having an online affair? Sometimes a marriage is in trouble even before e-cheating begins but here are five good clues:

1. Obsessive or Compulsive Behavior
Your spouse or partner spends too much time on the Internet. It has become an addiction. Computers are excellent tools for paying bills, buying products and staying in touch with family and friends. We can not live without our modern technological tools. But look at the way kids behave with their text messaging. They will go without dinner just to keep up with their friends. Does your spouse act this way around his or her laptop? If so, find out why the need is so great before it's too late.

2. Defensive Behavior
Your spouse or partner acts defensive when he or she is asked to stop. "When are you coming to bed?" "Can't you do that later?" "Why are you taking so long?" Have you ever asked these kind of questions? What kind of answers do you get? Do they sound like lies? "I have to finish my business proposal." "I need to pay another bill." An evasive or defensive pattern of behavior is another good warning sign. You need to find out why.

3. Secretive Behavior
Your partner abruptly shuts off the computer or closes a window when you get too close. He or she clears away all internet history after chat sessions or installs software to automatically get rid of evidence. This is abnormal behavior and it is an obvious warning sign. Your spouse may be e-cheating. Maybe your spouse is looking at pornography and that is the reason for panic. Pornography is another issue altogether and it has been discussed in many good articles.

4. Double Life
Does your spouse need his or her "personal space" on the computer? Is he or she leading a double life? Are passwords, instant messages, friend lists and emails being concealed from you? Is there a reluctance to share apassword? Why all the secrecy and lack of trust? These are good questions and they need to be answered. The act of hiding information is deceptive by nature and could be another indication that your spouse or partner is e-cheating.

5. Night Owl Syndrome
Your spouse or partner uses the computer after you have gone to bed. When you wake up in the middle of the night is your spouse by your side or is he or she in front of the computer? If this becomes a pattern, you need to be concerned. While work demands a degree of commitment, working late into the night, night-after-night, is a sure sign that your partner or spouse is e-cheating.

These are a few of the signs of "e-cheating." I will be on the look out for more!